Page 736 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

692 SeCTiON iii Rapid Review ` ClassiC Presentations Rapid Review ` ClassiC Presentations

CliniCal Presentation DiaGnosis/Disease PaGe
Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/ 311
microabscesses)
Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails Bacterial endocarditis 311
Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers Roth spots (bacterial endocarditis) 311
Distant heart sounds, distended neck veins, hypotension Beck triad of cardiac tamponade 310
Cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, 314
aneurysms, red conjunctivae and tongue, hand-foot treat with IVIG and aspirin)
changes
Palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein 315
pain (child), hematuria purpura, affects skin and kidneys)
Telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, skin discoloration, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber- 316
arteriovenous malformations, GI bleeding, hematuria Rendu syndrome)
Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue 1° adrenocortical insufficiency   ACTH,  α-MSH (eg, 349
Addison disease)

Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm Carcinoid syndrome (right-sided cardiac valvular lesions, 352
 5-HIAA)
Cold intolerance, weight gain, brittle hair Hypothyroidism 341
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to deposition of Myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease 340
mucopolysaccharides in connective tissue [pretibial])
Facial muscle spasm upon tapping Chvostek sign (hypocalcemia) 344
No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold Sheehan syndrome (postpartum hemorrhage leading to 339
intolerance pituitary infarction)
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation Diabetic ketoacidosis (Kussmaul respirations) 347
Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors MEN 1 (autosomal dominant) 351
Thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, MEN 2B (autosomal dominant RET mutation) 351
ganglioneuromatosis, Marfanoid habitus
Thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma MEN 2A (autosomal dominant RET mutation) 351
Jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder Courvoisier sign (distal malignant obstruction of biliary 398
tree)
Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholic and bulimic patients) 377
Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal 377
anemia squamous cell carcinoma)
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node Virchow node (abdominal metastasis) 379
Arthralgias, adenopathy, cardiac and neurological Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei) 381
symptoms, diarrhea
Severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ Rovsing sign (acute appendicitis) 383
Severe RLQ pain with deep tenderness McBurney sign (acute appendicitis) 383
Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmented macules on Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can 387
mouth, feet, hands, genitalia cause bowel obstruction;  cancer risk, mainly GI)
Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, Gardner syndrome (subtype of FAP) 387
impacted/supernumerary teeth
Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis) 392

FAS1_2019_17_Rapid Rev.indd 692 11/7/19 6:09 PM