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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

• Kelangsingan bunyi bergantung pada
frekuensi, f, atau tempoh, T.
The pitch of the sound depends on the
frequency, f, or period, T. • Frekuensi lebih rendah. • Frekuensi lebih tinggi.
Kelangsingan • Semakin bertambah frekuensi, Frequency is lower. Frequency is higher.
Pitch semakin bertambah kelangsingan atau • Panjang gelombang lebih • Panjang gelombang lebih
sebaliknya. besar. kecil.
As frequency increases, the pitch Wavelength is larger. Wavelength is smaller.
increases or vice versa. • Kurang nyaring. • Lebih nyaring.
Pitch is lower. Pitch is higher.

• Kenyaringan bunyi bergantung kepada
amplitud, a.
The loudness of sound depends on the
amplitude, a. • Amplitud lebih kecil. UNIT 1
Kenyaringan • Semakin bertambah amplitud, semakin Amplitude is smaller.
Loudness bertambah kenyaringan. • Kurang nyaring. • Amplitud lebih besar.
As the amplitude increases, the loudness Loudness is less. Amplitude is larger.
increases. • Lebih nyaring.
• Tenaga lebih kecil. Loudness is larger.
Energy is smaller. • Tenaga lebih besar.
Energy is larger.

• Kualiti bunyi bergantung kepada
bentuk gelombang.
The quality of sound depends on the
Kualiti bunyi waveform.
Sound quality
Kedua-dua bunyi mempunyai bentuk gelombang yang berbeza.
Kualiti kedua-dua bunyi adalah berbeza.
Both sounds have different waveforms. Both sound quality is different.

Aplikasi gelombang bunyi / Application of sound waves

SONAR (Julat Navigasi Bunyi) Kelawar : Navigasi dalam gelap
SONAR (Sound Navigation Ranging) Bats: Navigation in the dark

Kapal Gelombang
Ship pantulan Gelombang tuju
Reflected ray Incident ray

Penerima Pemancar
Receiver Emitter Kelawar
Bat
Air laut Halangan
Sea water Obstacle

Dasar laut (i) Kelawar memancarkan gelombang ultrasonik.
Seabed Bats emit ultrasonic waves.
(i) Pemancar memancarkan isyarat ultrasonik dengan laju, v. (ii) Gelombang ultrasonik mengenai halangan dan
The transmitter emits an ultrasonic signal at speed, v. dipantulkan.
(ii) Isyarat ultrasonik dipantul dan dikesan oleh penerima. Ultrasonic waves hits the obstacle and reflected.
The ultrasound signal reflected and detected by the receiver. (iii) Pantulan gelombang ultrasonik dikesan oleh kelawar.
(iii) Selang masa di antara denyutan isyarat tuju dan isyarat pantulan, t, The reflected ultrasonic waves is detected by the bats.
ditentukan. / The time interval between pulses signal and the reflected (iv) Dengan menganggarkan masa antara gelombang
signal, t, is determined. tuju dan gelombang pantulan, kelawar boleh
(iv) Jarak di antara dasar laut dengan kapal, d, ditentukan dengan menganggarkan jarak suatu halangan di hadapannya.
formula: / The distance between the bottom of the sea in ships, d, is By estimating the time between the incident and the
determined by the formula: reflected waves, bats can estimate the distance of an
vt obstacle in front of them.
d =
2

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