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programming. In doing Scratch projects, students learn to think creatively, reason
systematically, and work collaboratively (Resnick, 2013).

An example of interface for Scratch 2.0 is shows in Figure 8. Different versions
of Scratch differ slightly in the interface layout. The four main elements of Scratch are:
the stage, the sprites, the script and the programming palette.

i. Stage –This is where everything will take place. The stage can have different
backgrounds.
ii. Sprites – The actors or main characters of the project. Sprites are programmed
to do something in Scratch.
iii. Script – This tells the actors what to say or do. Each sprite is programmed with
a script.
iv. Programming palette – These are elements used to program the sprite to do or
say something. Sprites must be programmed to carry out every function you
want them to perform.

Figure 8: Scratch 2.0 Interface

Programming a Sprite

i. Control
Programming a sprite always begins with a control block (orange/yellow category from
the programming palette). There are three blocks that can be used to begin
programming: