Page 57 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Principles of Mechanical Ventilation 23

10 to 13. Match the types of gas diffusion problem with the clinical conditions affecting the diffusion rate.

Types of Diffusion Problem Clinical Conditions

10. Decreased O pressure gradient A. Emphysema
2
11. Thickening of A-C membrane B. High altitude
12. Decreased surface area of A-C membrane C. Tachycardia

13. Insufficient time for diffusion D. Pulmonary edema

14. The ABG report for an abdominal postoperative patient shows respiratory acidosis with severe hypox-
emia. In order to determine whether hypoxia is present, the therapist should evaluate all of the follow-
ing except:

A. PaCO . C. color of skin.
2
B. heart rate. D. spontaneous frequency.

15 to 20. Ventilatory and oxygenation failure may occur when the respiratory drive is diminished. Match the
types of respiratory depression with the respective clinical conditions.

Types of Depression Clinical Conditions

15. Drug overdose A. Altered mental status
(hypoxic brain)

16. Acute spinal cord injury B. Neurogenic pulmonary edema
(increase of intracranial pressure)
17. Head trauma C. Sleep apnea
(central, obstructive, mixed)

18. Neurologic dysfunction D. Hypoventilation to compensate for elevated pH
19. Sleep disorders E. Respiratory paralysis
(quadriplegic with injury at C1-C3 level)
20. Metabolic alkalosis F. Narcotic and sedative use

21. Excessive and prolonged increase in the patient’s respiratory workload may lead to fatigue of the ___
muscles. If uncorrected, ___ failure is the likely end result.

A. heart, ventilatory and oxygenation
B. heart, congestive heart
C. respiratory, ventilatory and oxygenation
D. respiratory, congestive heart

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