Page 753 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Index

A Airplane cabin pressure, 602–603
Airway management, 150–191
ABGs. See Arterial blood gases (ABGs) Airway opening pressure (P AO ), 314
Abnormal breath sounds, 248t Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV), 70, 70f,
Accelerating flow pattern, 228, 228f 111–112, 111f, 112t, 113f, 528, 566
Acceleration brain injury, 504 Airway pressure thresholds, 494
Acetylcholine (ACh), 422, 426 Airway pressures, 29–30, 99–100, 113
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 590 Airway resistance
Acid-base balance, 435–436 clinical conditions that increase, 4t
Acid-base imbalance, 255, 389 defined, 3
Acidemia, 435 equation for, 103
Acidosis, 44 factors affecting, 3–4
Acute airway obstruction, 20t increased, 352–354, 533
Acute lung injury (ALI), 490–497, 491t normal, 3
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 10, 490–497, and weaning, 525
491t, 492t and work of breathing, 4–5
case study, 649–655 Airway rupture, risk factors for, 143t
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network (ARDSNet), Alarm
495 apnea, 392
Acute ventilatory failure, 214–215 auto-PEEP, 393
assessment of, 215t conditions that trigger, 390t, 391t
Adaptive pressure control (APC), 108 control circuit, 75
Adaptive support ventilation (ASV), 104–105 defined, 389
Adjunctive management strategies, 408–411 expiratory gas, 76
Adrenergic bronchodilators, 423–426, 425t flow, 76
Adrenergic response, 422 high frequency, 391–392
Adults, high frequency oscillatory ventilation for, 385–386, high inspiratory pressure, 229–230
386t high PEEP, 392
AeroBid, 429t high pressure, 391
Aeromedical evacuation, 601 input power, 75
Afterload, 276, 292t inspired gas, 76
Agitation, 347 low expired volume, 390
Agonist-antagonists, 443, 444t low frequency, 392
Agonists, 444t low PEEP, 392
Air Carrier Access Act, 607 low pressure, 389–390
Air trapping, 225, 356–357 malfunction of, 232
Air travel, 605–607 misuse of, 232
Airflow resistance, 5–6, 5f output, 76
and flow-volume loop, 363, 364f pressure, 76
and pressure-volume loop, 361 time, 76

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