Page 757 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation
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Index 723
Contractility, 293 Delirium
Control circuit, 56–57 defined, 449–450
Control circuit alarms, 75 procedures to reverse, 450t
Control mode, 92–94, 93f, 94t Demerol, 444t
Control variables, 57–59, 58f, 85t Depolarization, 435
Controlled mandatory ventilation (CMV), 92–94, 93f, 94t, Depolarizing agents, 433, 434t
317–320 Depressed respiratory drive, 18, 19t
complications of, 94 Desaturation index, 196
during descending ramp flow ventilation, 336 Descending ramp flow ventilation
indications for, 93 CMV during, 336
Controller dyssynchrony during, 349–350, 349f
defined, 57 Descending ramp flow waveform (DRFW), 311, 328f,
flow, 59 329t
pressure, 57–59 and controlled mandatory ventilation, 336
time, 59 and delivered tidal volume, 334–336
volume, 59 and pressure support ventilation, 343
COPD. See Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and volume-controlled ventilation, 328–336
(COPD) Descending ramp waveform, 74f, 75
Corrected tidal volume, 692 Dexamethasone, 420t
Corticosteroids, 422, 429–430, 429t, 430t Dexmedetomidine (Precedex), 451–452
Cortisone, 420t Diagnostic bronchoscopy, 470
CPAP. See Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Diaphragmatic dysfunction, 41
CPP. See Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) Diaphragmatic pacing, 588
Creatinine, 37t Diazepam, 440, 442t, 473t
Creatinine clearance, 37t Difficult airway, signs of, 156–157
Cricoid pressure, 170, 170f Diffusion defect, 12, 13t, 15–16, 16t, 256, 257
Critical care issues, 489–515 Direct vasodilation, 445
acute lung injury, 490–497 Disposable ETCO 2 detector, 264
acute respiratory distress syndrome, 490–497 Diuretic-induced hypokalemia, 435
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, 501–505 Diuretics, 402
traumatic brain injury, 505–509 DLT. See Double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT)
ventilator-associated pneumonia, 497–501 Doppler transducer probe, 296–297
Cuff leaks, 248–249 Double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT), 140–144, 141f
Cuff pressure, 172, 172f complications of, 143–144, 143t
Culture and sensitivity, 399 indications for, 141–142
CVP. See Central venous pressure (CVP) insertion of, 142–143
Cycle variable, 62, 85t selection of, 142, 142t
DRFW. See Descending ramp flow waveform (DRFW)
D Drive mechanism, 53–55
bellows, 55, 55f
Deadspace to tidal volume ratio piston drive, 54–55, 54f
calculation, 692–693 pneumatic, 55
and weaning, 525–526 Driving pressure, 3
Deadspace ventilation, 20t, 99 Drug clearance
alveolar, 11, 11f effects of decreased hepatic perfusion on, 38
anatomic, 11 effects of renal failure on, 36–38
conditions leading to, 264, 265f Drug interactions, 434, 448
defined, 10 Drug overdose, 19t
physiologic, 11–12, 12t Drug overdose case study, 635–639
Decelerating flow pattern, 228, 228f Drug therapy. See Pharmacotherapy
Deceleration brain injury, 506 Dual control
Decremental recruitment maneuver, 495–496, 497t within a breath, 68
Defibrillation, 599, 601, 601t breath-to-breath, 68
Delayed brain injury, 505 mode, 220–221
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