Page 1544 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill

CHAPTER 112: Principles of Postoperative Critical Care 1063

of commonly used drains, their compositions, mechanisms, and indica- pressure gradient. Examples of active drain systems include Hemovac,
tions for usage is included in Table 112-2. Jackson-Pratt, and Blake drains. They can have their own mechanical
In general there are passive and active drains. Passive drains provide drainage system as in the Hemovac drain or be attached to grenade bulb
a route of low resistance for the movement of material out of the body. or wall suction.
They work via capillary action and pressure gradients. Examples of The drainage of the GI tract is often accomplished through sump
passive drains include Penrose, Malecot, and red Robinson drains. drains. These drains draw air into one lumen and then remove fluid
Active drains use some sort of external suction device to create negative through another. The air “sump” system avoids drawing mesentery and

TABLE 112-2 Surgical Drains and Wound Management Systems
Composition and Drainage
Drain Method Collecting System Typical Uses Photographic Representation
117
Abramson /sump drain Passive; triple-lumen sump Gravity collection bag Peritoneal cavity removal of large
drain; allows an air vent, volumes of thick exudates
suction lumen, and irriga-
tion/medication lumen

®2014 C.R. Bard, Inc., Used with permission.
119
ABThera and V.A.C. Active; continuous negative 300- 1000 mL Negative pressure wound healing
118
Systems pressure graduated container and temporary abdominal closure
system

Used with permission. Courtesy of KCI.
Blake 120 Active; radiopaque silicone Bulb grenade Abdominal, neck, breast/soft
four-channeled drain with tissue, or chest exudates
channels along the sides
with a solid core center
Davol 117 Active; radiopaque, perfo- 400 mL three-spring Neurosurgery, head and neck,
rated, silicone and PVC drain; evacuator suction breast, abdominal, or orthopedic
variable types: channeled, exudates
round, or flat types

®2014 C.R. Bard, Inc., Used with permission.
Duet® External Drainage & Passive; translucent or fabri- CSF drainage collecting Ventricular and lumbar drain
Monitoring System 121 cated of radiopaque (barium system with rotating monitoring (both in mm Hg or
impregnated) silicone tubing pressure scale cm H O)
2

Used with permission of Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN.
(Continued)

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