Page 747 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )
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Glossary 731
yspoiesis – an abnormality in the development o blood cells Epstein-Barr virus – the virus associated with the development
yspoietic syn rome – a combination o de ective and disrupted o in ectious mononucleosis in Western countries and Burkitt’s
cell line development lymphoma in A rica
Ehrlichia – a parasitic disease that in ects white blood cells
E elliptocytes – abnormally shaped red blood cells in an elliptical shape
EAC – erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosette test en othelins – a amily o peptides in tissues that modulate vasomo-
ecchymoses – large patches o bleeding into the tissues tor tone, cell proli eration, and hormone production associated
echinocytes – an abnormal red blood cell shape with vasculature physiology
eclampsia – a toxic condition o pregnancy epigenetics – stable changes in gene unction that are transmitted
e ema – an abnormal accumulation o uid in the body’s intercel- rom one cell to its progeny
lular spaces erythroblastic islan s – see blood islands
EDTA (K3 EDTA) – tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. erythroblastopenia – a de ciency o the red blood cell maturation
A commonly used anticoagulant in blood collection stage, erythroblast
e usion – an abnormal accumulation o uid in a particular cavity erythroblasts – the earliest dif erentiated stage o red blood cell
o the body such as the chest maturation
electrical impe ance – also called electrical resistance erythrocyte se imentation rate – a laboratory method or detec-
electrical impe ance principle – a method o cell counting and tion o in ammation or in ection
sizing based on the detection and measurement o changes in erythrocytosis – an increase in the red blood cell mass in circulat-
electrical resistance ing blood
elution – Removal o antibodies rom the erythrocytes that they are erythroleukemia – a orm o leukemia that is usually acute and rep-
coating or bound to resents the overproli eration o both immature granulocytic and
Emb en-Meyerho glycolytic pathway – the major, anaerobic, erythrocytic cell types
energy-yielding pathway associated with the breakdown o glu- erythropoiesis – the process o red blood cell (erythrocyte)
cose in erythrocytes (glycolysis) production
embryonic hemoglobin – primitive hemoglobins such as Gower I, erythropoietin – a glycoprotein hormone (mol wt 46,000) that
Gower II, and Portland that are ormed in the yolk sac stimulates erythropoiesis. It is produced mainly by the kidneys
en ocar itis – an in ammation o the lining membrane o the in response to tissue hypoxia
heart ESR – erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Also re erred to as sed rate
en ocytosis – the process in which specialized cells engul particles essential athrombia – a hereditary disorder o platelets
and molecules, with the subsequent ormation o membrane- etiology – the study o the cause(s) o disease
bound vacuoles within the cytoplasm euchromatin – chromatin that is rich in nucleic acid, is genetically
en oplasmic reticulum (ER) – an extensive, lace-like network com- active, and stains lightly. It is considered to be partially or ully
posed o pairs o membranes enclosing interconnecting cavities uncoiled
or cisternae exomes – protein-coding regions o the genome
en ore uplication (en omitosis) – the process that occurs in the exons – a coding sequence o nucleotides in a gene that is tran-
megakaryocyte during early maturation. In this process, chro- scribed into mRNA
mosomal materials (DNA) and the other events o mitosis occur extrame ullary hematopoiesis – the ormation and development
without subsequent division o the cytoplasmic membrane into o blood cells outside the bone marrow in sites such as the liver
identical daughter cells and spleen
en othelial cells or en othelium – simple squamous epithelium extravasation – the movement o neutrophils
that lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart extravascular hemolysis – rupturing o red blood cells outside o
en othelial ys unction – nonadaptive changes in endothelial the blood vessels
structure and unction provoked by pathophysiological stimuli extravascular estruction (also extravascular catabolism) – the
enzyme-linke immunosorbent assay (ELISA) – technique in destruction o an erythrocyte through phagocytosis and diges-
which an enzyme is complexed to an antigen or antibody and tion by macrophages o the mononuclear phagocyte system
a substrate added that generates a color proportional to the extrinsic hemolytic anemias – a actor outside o the red blood cell
amount o binding causes rupture o the cell
enzymopathy – a pathological enzyme de ciency extrinsic pathway – the initiation o blood clotting begins with
eosin – an acidic stain that stains some cytoplasmic structures o either the extrinsic or the intrinsic pathway. T e extrinsic path-
the cell an orange-red color. T e red-staining structures are aci- way is activated by the entry into the blood o phospholipopro-
dophilic or eosinophilic substances teins and organelle membranes rom disrupted tissue cells
eosinophilia – an increase in the number o eosinophilic leukocytes extrinsic system – a system or the third phase o initiation o
in the peripheral blood coagulation
eosinophilic granules – orange-staining granules ound in a spe- exu ates – an abnormal accumulation o uid (ef usion) in a par-
ci c leukocyte type ticular body cavity
epen yma – the membrane lining the cerebral ventricles and the
central canal o the spinal cord F
epi emiology – the study o in ectious diseases or conditions in many FAB – French-American-British classi cation
individuals in the same geographical location at the same time actor V (Lei en) – a coagulation actor mutation
epinephrine – a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that actor V R506Q (Lei en) – also called actor V (Leiden)
acts as a vasoconstrictor amilial polycythemia – an unusual genetic disorder that produces
EPO – erythropoietin a de ect in the regulation o erythropoietin production
