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12 Organic

12 Chemistry

This is a computer-generated model of a benzene molecule showing six carbon
atoms (gold) and six hydrogen atoms (white). Benzene is a hydrocarbon, an
organic compound made up of the elements carbon and hydrogen.

CORE CONCEPT

The nature of the carbon atom allows for a great variety of organic compounds,
many of which play vital roles in living.

OUTLINE

12.1 Organic Compounds
Hydrocarbons 12.2 Hydrocarbons
A great variety of organic Alkenes and Alkynes Petroleum
compounds can be formed. Cycloalkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Petroleum is a mixture of
12.3 Petroleum hydrocarbons that are distilled into
12.4 Hydrocarbon Derivatives a variety of products.
Alcohols
Hydrocarbon Derivatives Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones
There are eight hydrocarbon Organic Acids and Esters
functional groups, which include Science and Society: Aspirin, a Common
alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, Organic Compound
ketones, esters, and organic acids. Organic Compounds of Life
12.5 Organic Compounds of Life Living things build or break down
Proteins large molecules of proteins,
Carbohydrates carbohydrates, and fats and oils.
Fats and Oils
Synthetic Polymers
A Closer Look: How to Sort Plastic Bottles
for Recycling
People Behind the Science:
Alfred Bernhard Nobel

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