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11. A hydroxyl, –OH, functional group is found in
APPLYING THE CONCEPTS
a. ketone.
b. alkanes.
1. An organic compound consisting only of carbon and hydrogen is c. aldehydes.
called a (an) d. alcohols.
a. hydrogen carbide.
12. The oxidation of ethanol, C 2 H 5 OH, produces
b. hydrocarbon.
a. acetone.
c. organic compound.
b. formaldehyde.
d. hydrocarbide.
c. acetic acid.
2. Carbon-to-carbon bonds are d. formic acid.
a. ionic.
13. An organic compound is a compound that
b. polar covalent.
a. contains carbon and was formed by a living organism.
c. covalent.
b. is a natural compound.
d. metallic.
c. contains carbon, whether it was formed by a living thing
3. All of the following are hydrocarbon groups except or not.
a. alkanes. d. was formed by a plant.
b. alkenes.
14. There are millions of organic compounds but only thousands of
c. alkynes.
inorganic compounds because
d. alkalines.
a. organic compounds were formed by living things.
4. The group –C 2 H 5 is called b. there is more carbon on Earth’s surface than any other
a. methyl. element.
b. ethyl. c. atoms of elements other than carbon never combine with
c. dimethyl. themselves.
d. propyl. d. carbon atoms can combine with up to four other atoms,
5. Compounds with the same molecular formulas but with different including other carbon atoms.
structures are called 15. You know for sure that the compound named decane has
a. isotopes. a. more than 10 isomers.
b. allotropes. b. 10 carbon atoms in each molecule.
c. isomers. c. only single bonds.
d. polymers. d. All of the above are correct.
6. Hydrocarbons with double bonds are the 16. An alkane with four carbon atoms would have how many
a. alkanes. hydrogen atoms in each molecule?
b. alkenes. a. 4
c. alkynes. b. 8
d. alkines. c. 10
7. A hydrocarbon with a carbon-to-carbon triple bond is an d. 16
a. alkane. 17. Isomers are compounds with the same
b. alkene. a. molecular formula with different structures.
c. alkyne. b. molecular formula with different atomic masses.
d. alkaline. c. atoms but different molecular formulas.
8. Hydrocarbons that have one to four carbon atoms are d. structures but different formulas.
a. gases. 18. Isomers have
b. liquids. a. the same chemical and physical properties.
c. solids. b. the same chemical but different physical properties.
d. semisolids. c. the same physical but different chemical properties.
9. The process where large hydrocarbons are converted into smaller d. different physical and chemical properties.
ones is called 19. The organic compound trimethylpentane is an isomer of
a. snapping. a. propane.
b. distillation. b. pentane.
c. cracking. c. heptane.
d. fractionation. d. octane.
10. The atom or group of atoms in an organic molecule that is the 20. Which of the following would not occur as an unsaturated
site of a chemical reaction is called the hydrocarbon?
a. reaction site group. a. alkane
b. functional group. b. alkene
c. addition site. c. alkyne
d. reactant group. d. None of the above is correct.

12-21 CHAPTER 12 Organic Chemistry 319