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4. Do alcohol and water mix?
INVITATION TO INQUIRY
5. How much ethanol is consumed in the form of beverages in the
United States each year?
Alcohol: What Do You Really Know?
6. What is the legal blood alcohol limit to drive an automobile in
Archaeologists, anthropologists, chemists, biologists, and health care your state?
professionals agree that the drinking of alcohol dates back thousands
7. How is this level measured?
of years. Evidence also exists that this practice has occurred in most
8. Why is there an extra tax on alcoholic beverages?
cultures around the world. Use the Internet to search out answers to
9. How do the negative effects of drinking alcohol compare
the following questions:
between men and women?
1. What is the earliest date for which there is evidence for the
10. Have researchers demonstrated any beneficial effects of drinking
production of ethyl alcohol?
alcohol?
2. In which culture did this occur?
Compare what you thought you knew to what is now supported with
3. What is the molecular formula and structure of ethanol? scientific evidence.
PARALLEL EXERCISES

The exercises in groups A and B cover the same concepts. Solutions to group A exercises are located in appendix E.
Group A Group B
1. What is the mass of 20.0 liters of gasoline? Assume the gasoline 1. What is the mass of 20.0 liters of diesel fuel? Assume the fuel has
is pure octane with a density of 0.692 g/mL. a density of 0.85 g/mL.
2. What is the molecular weight of Freon, 2. What is the molecular weight for a Teflon monomer,
dichlorodifluoromethane? tetrafluoroethylene?
3. What are the structural formulas for the butene isomers? 3. What are the structural formulas for the propyl alcohol isomers?
4. What is the structural formula for ethyl alcohol? 4. What is the structural formula for methyl alcohol?
5. What is the structural formula for diethyl ether? 5. What is the structural formula for methylethyl ether?
6. What is the structural formula for diethyl ketone? 6. What is the structural formula for methylethyl ketone?
7. Ethylene glycol is often used as an antifreeze and has a structural 7. Glycerol is sometimes added to candy to keep it soft and has a
formula of structural formula of

H H
H C OH H C OH
H C OH
H C OH
H C OH
H
H
To what organic functional group does ethylene glycol belong? To what organic functional group does glycerol belong?
8. The compound heptane has a molecular formula of C 7 H 16 . Is 8. The compound hexane has a molecular formula of C 6 H 18 . Is
heptane a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon? hexane a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon?

322 CHAPTER 12 Organic Chemistry 12-24