Page 346 - 9780077418427.pdf
P. 346

/Users/user-f465/Desktop
          tiL12214_ch13_323-350.indd Page 323  9/3/10  6:14 PM user-f465
          tiL12214_ch13_323-350.indd Page 323  9/3/10  6:14 PM user-f465                                                /Users/user-f465/Desktop















                                                                             13                   Nuclear


                                                                             13 Reactions













                                                                               With the top half of the steel vessel and control rods removed, fuel rod
                                                                               bundles can be  replaced in the water-flooded nuclear reactor.


                                                              CORE CONCEPT

                                         Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of the atom.

                                                                      OUTLINE


                         Natural Radioactivity            13.1 Natural Radioactivity
                         Natural radioactivity is the        Nuclear Equations                        The Nature of the Nucleus
                         spontaneous emission of             The Nature of the Nucleus                Nuclear instability results from
                         particles or energy from a          Types of Radioactive Decay               an imbalance between the
                         disintegrating nucleus.             Radioactive Decay Series
                                                          13.2  Measurement of Radiation              attractive nuclear force and the
                                                             Measurement Methods                      repulsive electromagnetic force.
                                                          A Closer Look: How Is Half-Life  Determined?
                         Types of Radioactive Decay          Radiation Units
                         An unstable nucleus becomes      A Closer Look: Carbon Dating
                         more stable by emitting alpha,      Radiation Exposure                       Nuclear Energy
                         beta, or gamma radiation from    13.3 Nuclear Energy                         The relationship between energy
                                                          A Closer Look: Radiation and Food  Preservation                    2
                         the nucleus.                                                                 and mass changes is E = mc .
                                                          A Closer Look: Nuclear Medicine
                                                             Nuclear Fission
                                                             Nuclear Power Plants
                         Nuclear Power Plants             A Closer Look: Three Mile Island and Chernobyl
                         A nuclear reactor in a power        Nuclear Fusion
                         plant can only release energy at   A Closer Look: Nuclear Waste
                         a comparatively slow rate, and   Science and Society: High-Level Nuclear Waste
                                                             The Source of Nuclear Energy
                         it is impossible for a nuclear   People Behind the Science: Marie Curie
                         power plant to produce a nuclear
                         explosion.















                                                                                                                             323
   341   342   343   344   345   346   347   348   349   350   351