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3. The consistent tilt and the orientation of its axis as Earth moves 14. Rocks on the surface of the Moon are primarily
around its orbit is responsible for a. sedimentary.
a. tides. b. basaltic.
b. seasons. c. limestone.
c. volcanic eruptions. d. metamorphic.
d. earthquakes. 15. The atmosphere of the Moon is
4. In the Northern Hemisphere, the North Pole points toward the a. primarily H 2 .
Sun during the b. primarily N 2 .
a. summer solstice. c. primarily CO 2 .
b. spring solstice. d. It does not have an atmosphere.
c. winter equinox. 16. The approximate age of the Moon was determined by
d. winter solstice. a. radioactive dating of moon rocks.
5. The referent meridian is the b. exploration by Apollo astronauts.
a. prime meridian. c. measurement of the depth of the surface dust.
b. principal meridian. d. laser measurement of the distance from Earth to the Moon.
c. first meridian. 17. What is the accepted theory about the origin of the Moon?
d. primary meridian. a. It formed from particles revolving around Earth.
6. The parallel at 66.5°S is called the b. A very large object hit Earth, and the Moon was formed from
a. Arctic Circle. ejected material.
b. Antarctic Circle. c. Earth captured an incoming asteroid, and it became the
c. tropic of Cancer. Moon.
d. tropic of Capricorn. d. Earth and the Moon were created at the same time.
7. The movement of the Sun across the celestial meridian is 18. The Moon is positioned between Earth and the Sun. This phase
defined as is the
a. midnight. a. full moon.
b. 6 a.m. b. new moon.
c. 6 p.m. c. first quarter moon.
d. noon. d. last quarter moon.
8. Clocks and watches are set to measure a uniform standard time 19. Tides that occur at the full and new moon phases are called
based on a. new tides.
a. mean solar time. b. lunar tides.
b. apparent solar day. c. spring tides.
c. sidereal day. d. tidal waves.
d. apparent solar time. 20. Friction between the tides and the ocean basin is
9. How many standard time zones are there? a. wearing away the ocean basin.
a. 10 b. moving Earth closer to the Moon.
b. 12 c. increasing the rotation of Earth.
c. 20 d. slowing the rotation of Earth.
d. 24 21. Earth is undergoing a combination of how many different major
10. The 180° meridian is called the motions?
a. tropic of Cancer. a. Zero
b. prime meridian. b. One
c. international date line. c. Three
d. Arctic Circle. d. Seven
11. The time period from one new moon to the next new moon is 22. In the Northern Hemisphere, city A is located a number of miles
called the north of city B. At 12 noon in city B, the Sun appears directly
a. sidereal month. overhead. At this very same time, the Sun over city A will
b. synodic month. appear
c. lunar month. a. to the north of overhead.
d. apparent month. b. directly overhead.
12. Maria are c. to the south of overhead.
a. craters on the Moon. 23. Earth as a whole receives the most solar energy during what
b. mountains on the Moon. month?
c. ancient molten lava seas on the Moon. a. January
d. dried-up oceans on the Moon. b. March
13. Unmanned missions to the Moon did not find or identify c. July
a. active volcanoes. d. September
b. water.
c. minerals.
d. lunar topography.

428 CHAPTER 16 Earth in Space 16-24