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since Allaah’s knowledge is absolute. Another example can be found in the verse,
( öNä3çG»yg¨Bé& öNà6øn=tã ôMtBÌhãm )
“Your mothers (ummahaatukum) have been made forbidden (in
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marriage) to you,”
as there are no exceptions to this law, whether they be real mothers, stepmothers,
mothers-in-law, or mothers by ridaa‘ (suckling).
Second, there is the figurative ‘aam in which the general meaning of the
expression was never intended; for example, the verse,
öNèdöqt±÷z$$sù öNä3s9 (#qãèuKy_ ôs% }¨$¨Z9$# ¨bÎ) â¨$¨Z9$# ãNßgs9 tA$s% tûïÏ%©!$# )
( ÇÊÐÌÈ ã@Å2uqø9$# zN÷èÏRur ª!$# $uZç6ó¡ym (#qä9$s%ur $YZ»yJÎ) öNèdy#tsù
“Those to whom the people (an-naas) said, ‘The people have gathered
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against you, so fear them.’ ”
The first expression “the people” refers specifically to Nu‘aym ibn Mas‘ood and
the second refers to Aboo Sufyaan and the Qurayshee army, and not the generality
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which the expression implies.
And third, there is the specified ‘aam, wherein the generality of the ‘aam
expression is qualified by one of the specifying words or phrases. For example,
Allaah’s command in the Qur’aan,
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Soorah an-Nisaa’ (4):176.
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Soorah an-Nisaa’ (4):23.
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Soorah Aal ‘Imraan (3):173.
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Al-Itqaan, vol. 3, p. 45.
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