Page 29 - Drug Discovery and Development: Prospects and Challenges

Drug Discovery and Development: Prospects and Challenges / 19

of diabetes pathogenesis (Scherer, 2019). Furthermore, studies on
adipocyte cells allow us to understand the cellular response toward
glucose metabolism. Therefore, the mechanism of action of the molecule
on glucose regulation could be predicted. The parameters that provide a
significant understanding of the mechanism of glucose metabolism are
concerning protein and gene expression by adipocytes with regard to
glucose transporter and insulin receptor regulation (Figure 16).

Figure 16: The role of adipocyte in glucose transport (Biorender.com)
Figure 16: The role of adipocyte in glucose transport (Biorender.com)

Brothers and sisters,
Brothers and sisters,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Ladies and Gentlemen,

Anti-obesity Anti-obesity
The global rising incidence of obesity is becoming a major concern in public health. Obesity leads to
The global rising incidence of obesity is becoming a major concern in
the development of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases
public health. Obesity leads to the development of metabolic disorders
(Mohamed et al., 2014). Nowadays, many conventional drugs have been used to manage obesity. The
harmful effect and availability of these drugs initiates the researchers to find the alternatives including
such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (Mohamed
from plants. It was revealed that the gelugor fruit, G. atroviridis contains Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA)
et al., 2014). Nowadays, many conventional drugs have been used
(Figure 17), which is a substance known to have obesity prevention and treatment as well as
to manage obesity. The harmful effect and availability of these drugs
preventing obesity-related diseases. The study estimated that 11.35 ± 0.55% (w/w) of HCA was present
initiates the researchers to find the alternatives including from plants. It
in the fruit extract (Susanti et al., 2020). The adipogenesis inhibition effect by the HCA-rich extract
was revealed that the gelugor fruit, G. atroviridis contains Hydroxycitric
on 3T3l-L1 adipocytes cells showed the modulation of C/EBPα protein expression. HCA also
Acid (HCA) (Figure 17), which is a substance known to have obesity
enhanced the adipocyte breakdown (adipolysis) in the study.
prevention and treatment as well as preventing obesity-related diseases.
The study estimated that 11.35 ± 0.55% (w/w) of HCA was present
in the fruit extract (Susanti et al., 2020). The adipogenesis inhibition
effect by the HCA-rich extract on 3T3l-L1 adipocytes cells showed
the modulation of C/EBPα protein expression. HCA also enhanced the
adipocyte breakdown (adipolysis) in the study.

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