Page 159 - text book form physics kssm 2020

Chapter 4
Heat
Relationship between Volume and Temperature of Gas
Photograph 4.5 shows an empty plastic bottle fi lled with air in a refrigerator. What happened to
the volume of air in the bottle?

(a) Empty plastic bottle before being cooled (b) Empty plastic bottle aft er being cooled
Photograph 4.5 Condition of plastic bottle in refrigerator before and aft er being cooled

Experiment 4.5

Inference: Temperature of a gas infl uences the volume of gas
Hypothesis: The higher the temperature, the larger the volume of gas
Aim: To determine the relationship between temperature and volume of a fi xed mass of gas
at constant pressure
Variables:
(a) Manipulated variable: Temperature, θ
(b) Responding variable: Volume, V represented by length of column of air, L in capillary tube
(c) Constant variable: Pressure and mass of air
Apparatus: Capillary tube containing air trapped by a column of concentrated sulphuric
acid, 500 ml beaker, thermometer, ruler, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, wire
gauze, stirrer and retort stand
Materials: Water, ice and rubber band
Procedure:
1. Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 4.27.
Stirrer
Ruler
Thermometer
Capillary tube
Rubber band
Ice
Concentrated Beaker
sulphuric acid Water
L Wire gauze
Tripod stand
Retort stand
Bunsen burner

Figure 4.27
153
4.4.3 153
4.4.3