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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

n-p-n n-p-n

• Pengumpul (C) disambung kepada terminal • Pengumpul (C) disambung kepada terminal
positif bateri negatif bateri
The collector (C) is connected to the positive The collector (C) is connected to the negative
Cara sambungan transistor terminal of battery terminal of battery
di dalam litar • Pengeluar (E) disambung kepada terminal
The way of connection of • Pengeluar (E) disambung kepada terminal
transistor in circuit negatif bateri positif bateri
The emitter (E) is connected to the negative The emitter (E) is connected to the
terminal of battery positive
terminal of battery
• Sebab : Transistor dipincang ke depan • Sebab : Transistor dipincang ke depan
Reason : Transistor is forward biased Reason : Transistor is forward biased

• Arus tapak (I B), arus pengumpul (I C) dan arus pengeluar (I E)
Base current (I B), collector current (I C) and emitter current (I E)
• I E = I B + I C
• Arus tapak adalah terlalu kecil berbanding dengan arus pengumpul
The base current is too small compare to the collector current
• I B <<<< I C
• Arus tapak dalam lingkungan unit μA, manakala arus pengumpul dalam lingkungan unit mA
The base current is in the unit range of μA, meanwhile the collector current is in the unit range of mA
• Pertambahan yang kecil dalam arus tapak menyebabkan pertambahan yang besar dalam arus
Arus-arus yang terlibat pengumpul / The small increase in base current causes the large increase in collector current
dalam operasi transistor • Nisbah pertambahan arus pengumpul terhadap pertambahan arus tapak dikenali sebagai amplifikasi
The currents involved in the arus atau faktor amplifikasi (tiada unit).
operation of transistor The ratio of increases in collector current to the increase in base current is known as current
amplification or factor of amplification (without unit).
• I C berkadar langsung dengan I B / I C is directly proportional to I B
• Keadaan pensuisan transistor bergantung pada I B dan I C:
The switching condition of transistor depends on I B and I C: UNIT 4
(i) Apabila I B bertambah, I C akan bertambah, transistor akan dihidupkan
UNIT 4
When I B increases, I C will increases, transistor is switched on
(ii) Apabila I B berkurang, I C akan berkurang atau menjadi sifar, transistor akan dimatikan (switched
off).
When I B decreases, I C wil decreases, transistor is switched off.

• Fungsi dua resistor, R dan R yang disambung
x
y
Voltan secara sesiri sepanjang bateri utama adalah
bateri sebagai pembahagi voltan.
Battery R 2 The function of the two resistors, R and R ,
voltage R I X Y
x C c which are connected in series across the main
Pembahagi voltan R B V battery, is as a potential divider.
Voltage divider 1 • Voltan tapak dikira dengan:
Voltan E The base voltage can be calculated as:
tapak R
Base y R y

voltage I b V = R y + R x × V
B
Video

Transistor
Transistor
https://goo.gl/EGmwdr

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