Page 599 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

PART EIG HT

Fundamentals of Hematological Analysis

29 Body Fluid Analysis*

CHAPTER

KEY TERMS

abdom inal uid cholesterol crystals pleural effusion
am niotic uid effusion pleural uid

arthrocentesis ependym a sem inal uid
artifacts exudates signet ring cells

ascites lum bar puncture standard precautions
basic calcium phosphate (BCP) malignant synovial uid

blood-brain barrier mesothelial cells tanycytes
calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate monosodium urate (MSU) thoracentesis

(CPPD) paracentesis transudates
cardiac tam ponade pericardial effusion xanthochrom ia

cerebrospinal uid peritoneal uid

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Introduction Pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial uids

■ Associate the various types of body uids with their respective ■ De ne the term effusion.
synonyms. Compare the major characteristics of transudates and exudates.

■ Identify the location of the pleura.
Cerebrospinal uid ■ Name at least three disorders associated with the existence of pleu-

■ Describe the anatomical structures involved in the circulation of ral exudate.
cerebrospinal uid (CSF). ■ Associate the various colors of exudate with the typical disorders.

Explain how CSF is produced. ■ Name at least two reasons for turbidity in pleural uid.

Describe the collection procedure for CSF ■ Name the disorder that produces an extremely elevated total leuko-
.

■ Name the appropriate type or types of testing for each of the ali- cyte count in pleural uid.
quots of a CSF specimen. Name the types of common cells that can be encountered in pleural uid.

Compare the descriptive characteristics of CSF on gross examina- ■ Name the characteristics of malignant cells that can be found in a

tion and the respective associated abnormalities. pleural effusion.

Compare the characteristics of a recent hemorrhage, an old hemor- Discuss the cellular abnormalities encountered in pleural and peri-

rhage, and a traumatic tap. toneal uid.

■ Explain the procedure of manually counting leukocytes in a cere- ■ Identify the location of the peritoneum.
brospinal uid. ■ Name at least three disorders or diseases that can cause a perito-

Describe the common cells seen on microscopic examination and neal effusion.

the associated disorders. ■ List at least two reasons for a turbid peritoneal effusion.

.
Name and describe cells unique to the CSF Associate a variety of conditions with various colors or appearances
Describe the appearance of erythrophagocytosis in CSF of peritoneal effusion.
.
*

*Additional procedures, in CLSI format, are provided on this book’s companion Web site at thepoint.lww.com/Turgeon6e.

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