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INDEX

Page numbers in italics refer to figures, illustrations, Alaska, and glaciers, 510. See also Aleutian Islands; Andreanof Islands earthquake (Alaska, 1957), 489
or tables. Prince William Sound Andrew (hurricane, 1992), 579
Alchemy, 324 Andromeda, 363–64, 365
A Alcohol(s), 255, 308–309 Angle, of light ray, 180–81, 184
Abrasion, and erosion, 510, 512 Aldehydes, 308, 309 Angle of incidence, 182
Absolute difference, in electronegativity, 239, 240 Aleutian Islands, 466 Angular momentum quantum number, 213
Absolute humidity, 554, 555 Aleutian oceanic trench, 466 Angular unconformity, 527, 528
Absolute magnitude, of star, 356 Algae, 609, 610 Annular eclipse, 424
Absolute zero, 91 Alkali metals, 216 Ant(s), 310
Abyssal plain, 617 Alkaline earth metals, 216 Antarctic Circle, 413
Academy of Sciences (France), 5 Alkaline substances, 287 Ante meridium (a.m.), 413
Acceleration Alkanes, 301–302, 303 Anthracite coal, 76
gravity, 38, 51 Alkenes, 302–304 Anticline, 480–81
motion, 29–32, 42, 43 Alkynes, 303, 304 Anticyclone, 574
velocity of falling objects, 36–37 Alpha-amino acids, 311 Antifreeze, 286
Accommodation, and vision, 186 Alpha radiation, 325, 328–29 Antinodes, 129
Accretion disk, 394 Alpine glaciers, 510 Antiradiation pill, 334
Acetate, 236, 291, 631 Alternate sources, of energy, 61, 78–80. See also Apatite, 439, 447
Acetic acid, 287, 310 Geothermal energy; Solar energy; Winds Aphelion, 398
Acetone, 309 Alternating current (ac), 150, 165 Apogee, 426
Acetylene, 238, 304 Altitude, 542, 582–83 Apollo asteroids, 392
Acetylsalicylic acid, 310 Altocumulus clouds, 559 Apollo space missions, 379, 419, 421, 422, 466
Achondrites, 392–93 Alum, 291 Appalachian Mountains, 481, 489, 602
Acid(s), 286–88, 513 Aluminum Apparent local noon, 413
Acid-base indicator, 288 acid rain, 292 Apparent local solar time, 413
Acid rain, 290, 292, 505, 513 atomic weight, 207 Apparent magnitude, of stars, 355, 356
Action-at-a-distance model, 145 conduction rate, 97 Apparent solar day, 414–15
Activated sludge process, 604–605 density, 9 Apparent weightlessness, 53, 54
Activation energy, 267 electrical conductors, 143 Applied research, 15, 214
Active applications, of solar energy, 78 electron configuration, 215 Aquaculture, 470, 606
Actuating force, and vitalist theory, 300 ion, 235 Aqueous solution, 279
Addition, of significant figures, 626 outer orbitals, 220 Aquifer, 603
Addition polymerization, 307 replacement reactions, 262 Arabian Plate, 464
Addition reaction, 307 solubility, 631 Archaeology, 523
Adhesion, of molecules, 87 specific heat, 96 Archean eon, 531, 532
Adhesives, 87 Aluminum hydroxide, 262 Archimedes, 17, 54, 186
Adipose tissue, 314 Aluminum sulfate, 262 Arctic Circle, 413
Adirondack Mountains (New York), 489, 503 Amber, 524 Arctic Sea, 608
Aerosols, 544 American Physical Society, 106 Area, 5, 7
African Plate, 464 Americium, 338 Argon
Age Amethyst, 436 composition of atmosphere, 543, 544
of Earth, 529–30 Amine, 308 electron configuration, 215, 218
of rivers or streams, 509–10 Amino acids, 311 half-life of isotope, 338, 530
of rock samples from Earth’s crust, 458 Ammonia Arid climate, 583
of universe, 366 bases and pH, 287, 288, 289, 290 Aristotle, 26, 32, 34, 35, 86, 204, 300, 522
Agriculture, 79, 278. See also Air masses; Air pollution; molecular and structural formulas, 253 Arizona. See Glen Canyon Dam; Grand Canyon; Phoenix
Air resistance; Atmosphere; Fertilizers; Plants Ammonites, 531 Armature, of electric motor, 160–61
Air Ammonium, 236, 291, 631 Armstrong, Neil, 466
conduction rate, 97 Ammonium nitrate, 283 Aromatic hydrocarbons, 304–305
refraction of light, 185 Amorphic rocks, 441 Arrhenius, Svante, 293
speed of sound, 123 Ampère, André, 158–59, 161 Arsenic, 221
specific heat, 96 Ampere (A), 147 Artesian aquifer, 603
waves, 119–20, 122 Amphibole asbestos, 444 Artifacts, and archaeology, 523. See also Ventifacts
Air masses, 565, 570, 571 Amplitude Artificial light, 178
Air pollution. See also Acid rain; Greenhouse effect of vibration, 117 Artificial rainmaking, 569
coal as energy source, 76 of wave, 121 Artificial satellite, 52
electrical blackouts, 166 Amyl acetate, 310 Asbestos, 444
fossil fuels, 76, 292, 513, 544 Amyl butyrate, 310 Asphalt, 306
microclimate, 584–85 Amyl group, 307 Aspirin, 310
Air resistance, 35–36, 37 Andes Mountains, 465 Asteroids, 356, 391–92. See also Comets

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