Page 20 - APS(2022)_TG4 _Edisi Guru

Infografik Sains

BAB Genetik
5 5 Genetics

Kromosom, Gen dan DNA
Chromosomes, Genes and DNA
Kromosom
Nukleus Chromosome
Nucleus
• Struktur berbentuk bebenang halus
Thread-like structure
Membran sel • Dibina daripada molekul panjang
Cell membrane Kromosom yang dikenal sebagai asid
deoksiribonukleik (DNA)
Sitoplasma Chromosome Contains a long molecule called
Cytoplasm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) enclosed in
a protein coat
• Wujud berpasangan (kecuali di
dalam gamet)
Exists in pairs (except in gametes)
Gen
Gene
• Segmen DNA DNA
Segment of DNA DNA
• Kod untuk penghasilan protein
yang menentukan sifat individu Gene Pasangan • Struktur heliks ganda dua.
bes
A code for production of protein which Gene nukleotida Double helix structure.
determines the characteristics of an Pair of • Terdiri daripada satu siri gen yang
individual nucleotide merupakan kod genetik untuk
• Unit asas pewarisan bases menentukan sifat-sifat individu.
Basic unit of inheritance Made up of a series of genes, which
are genetic codes to determine the
characteristics of an individual.

Mitosis dan Meiosis Proses Meiosis
Mitosis and Meiosis The Process of Meiosis
Video
Meiosis Mitosis
Meiosis Mitosis

Permainan
Sel induk Sel induk
diploid (2n) diploid (2n)
Diploid parent Replikasi DNA Diploid parent Replikasi DNA
cell (2n) cell (2n)
DNA replication • Proses DNA replication
pembahagian sel
Cell division process
• Kromosom
mengalami
penggandaan
sekali sahaja
Meiosis I
sebelum
pembahagian
Duplication of
chromosomes
occurs only once
Meiosis II
before division

Empat sel anak haploid (n) Penentuan Seks Dua sel anak diploid (n)
Four haploid daughter cells (n) Determination of Sex Two diploid daughter cells (n)
Video

GPB G3

Infrografik APS Ting4.indd 3 26/07/2021 7:03 AM