Page 18 - Ranger SPM 2022 Chemistry

Chemistry SPM Chapter 2 Carbon Compound
2. Structural formulae and IUPAC nomenclature for alkanes:

H H H H H H
& & & & & &
H!C!H H!C!C!H H!C!C!C!H
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& & & & & &
H H H H H H
Methane Ethane Propane
(CH ) (C H ) (C H )
4 2 6 3 8
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!C!C!C!C!H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
Butane Pentane Hexane
(C H ) (C H ) (C H )
4 10 5 12 6 14
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
Heptane Octane
(C H ) (C H )
7 16 8 18
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!C!H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
Nonane Decane
(C H ) (C H )
9 20 10 22
3. Structural formulae and IUPAC nomenclature for alkenes:

H H H H H H H H H
& & & & & & & & &
H!C"C!H H!C"C!C!H H!C"C!C!C!H Form 5
& & &
Ethena H H H
(C H )
2 4
Propene But-1-ene
(C H ) (C H )
3 6 4 8
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
H!C"C!C!C!C!H H!C"C!C!C!C!C!H H!C"C!C!C!C!C!C!H
& & & & & & & & & & & &
H H H H H H H H H H H H
Pent-1-ene Hex-1-ene Hept-1-ene
(C H ) (C H ) (C H )
5 10 6 12 7 14

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