Page 231 - Pali English Dictionary.

Kasā Kahāpaṇa

Dh 143; Miln 197. — -kasāhi tāḷeti to whip, lash, flog as one's mind on the k. J iii.519.
punishment for malefactors here, as well as in Niraya (see -āyatana the base or object of a kasiṇa exercise (see
kamma — karaṇā) M i.87=A i.47= ii.122, etc.; PvA 4 (of a above as 10 such objects) D iii.268; M ii.14; Ps i.28, etc.;
thief scourged on his way to the place of execution); DhA ii.39 -ārammaṇa=°āyatana Vism 427 (three, viz. tejo°, odāta°,
(id.). āloka°). -kamma the k. practice J i.141; iv.306; v.162, 193.
-niviṭṭha touched by the whip, whipped Dh 144 (=DhA -jhāna the k. meditation DhsA 413. -dosa fault of the k.
iii.86); -pahāra a stroke with the whip, a lash J iii.178; -hata object Vism 117, 123 (the 4 faults of paṭhavī — kasiṇa being
struck with the whip, scourged Vin i.75; 91=322; Sdhp 147. confusion of the 4 colours). -parikamma the preliminary,
preparatory rites to the exercise of a kasiṇa meditation, such
Kasāya and Kasāva [Derivation uncertain. The word first ap-
as preparing the frame, repeating the necessary formulas, etc.
pears in the late Vedic form kaṣāya, a decoction, distillation,
y
essence; used fig of evil. The old Pali form is kasāva] 1. a J i.8, 245; iii.13, 526; DhsA 187; — °ṁ katheti to give in-
structions in these preparations J iii.369; °ṁ karoti to perform
kind of paste or gum used in colouring walls Vin ii.151. — 2.
the k — preparations J iv.117; v.132, 427; vi.68; -maṇḍala
an astringent decoction extracted from plants Vin i.201, 277;
a board or stone or piece of ground divided by depressions to
J v.198. — 3. (of taste), astringent DhS 629; Miln 65; DhA
be used as a mechanical aid to jhāna exercise. In each division
ii.31. — 4. (of colour) reddish — yellow, orange coloured
of the maṇḍala a sample of a kasiṇa was put. Several of these
Vin i.277. — 5. (ethical) the fundamental faults (rāga, dosa,
moha) A i.112; Dh 10; Vbh 368. -a° faultless, flawless, in stone maṇḍalas have been found in the ruins at Anurādhapura.
Cp. Cpd. 54 f. 202 f. J iii.501; DhA iv.208. -samāpatti
akasāvattaṁ being without defect A i.112 (of a wheel, with
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attainment in respect of the k. exercise Nd 466 (ten such).
-sa° ibid.); -sa° faulty DhA i.82; -mahā° wicked J iv.387.
In cpds. both forms, viz. (kasāya) -yoga an astringent rem- Kasita (pp. of kasati) ploughed, tilled Anvs 44; -a° un-tilled ibid.
edy J v.198 (kasāva° ibid.); -rasa reddishyellow dye J ii.198; 27, 44. — Cp. vi°.
(kasāva) -ôdaka an astringent decoction Vin i.205; -gandha
Kasira (adj.) [Probably fr. Vedic kṛcchra, the deriv. of which is
having a pungent smell Vin i.277; -rasa having an astringent
uncertain] miserable, painful, troubled, wretched A iv.283; Sn
taste ibid.; -vaṇṇa of reddish — yellow colour ibid. 21
574; J ii.136; iv.113=vi.17; Pv iv.1 (=PvA 229 dukkha). —
Kasāyatta (nt.) [abstr. fr. kasāya] astringency Miln 56. adv. kasirā (abl.) with difficulty J v.435; -kasirena (instr.)
D i.251; M i.104; S i.94; Vin i.195; J i.338; iii.513. a° with-
Kasi and Kasī (f.) [fr. kasāti] tilling, ploughing; agriculture, cul-
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tivation M ii.198; S i.172, 173=Sn 76 sq.; Vin iv.6; Pv i.5 (k°, out pain, easy, comfortable J vi.224 (=niddukkha); -lābhin
obtaining without difficulty (f° inī A iv.342) in formula akic-
gorakkha, vaṇijjā); PvA 7; Sdhp 390 (k°, vaṇijjā); VvA 63. —
chalābhī akasiralābhī etc. M i.33; S ii.278; A i.184; ii.23, 36;
°ṁ kasati to plough, to till the land J i.277; Vism 284.
iv.106; Ud 36; Pug 11, 12.
-kamma the act or occupation of ploughing, agriculture
-ābhata amassed with toil and difficulty (of wealth) J
J ii.165, 300; iii.270. -karaṇa ploughing, tilling of the field
v.435; -vuttika finding it hard to get a livelihood A i.107=Pug
PvA 66; -khetta a place for cultivation, a field PvA 8 (kasī°);
51.
-gorakkha agriculture and cattle breeding D i.135; -bhaṇḍa
ploughing implements DhA i.307. Kaseruka [etym. connected with Sk. kaseru backbone?] a plant,
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Kasiṇa [Vedic kṛtsna] (adj.) entire, whole J iv.111, 112. shrub SnA 284 (v. l. kaṁsīruka for kiṁsuka?). See also
kaṭeruha.
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Kasiṇa [Deriv. uncertain] (nt.) one of the aids to kam-maṭṭhāna
Kassaka [fr. kasati] a husbandman, cultivator, peasant,
the practice by means of which mystic meditation (bhāvanā,
farmer, ploughman D i.61 (k° gahapatiko kārakārako rāsi
jhāna) may be attained. They are fully described at A v.46 sq.,
— vaḍḍhako); A i.241; A. i.229, 239 (the three duties of a
60; usually enumerated as ten [sāvakā dasa k° — āyatanāni
farmer); S i.172=Sn 76; iii.155 (v. l. for T. kasaka); iv. 314;
bhāventi]; paṭhavī°, āpo°, tejo°, vāyo°, nīla°, pīta°, lohita°,
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Vin iv.108; Bdhd 96; DA i.170; often in similes, e. g. Pv i.1 ;
odāta°, ākāsa°, viññāṇa° — that is, earth, water, fire, air; blue,
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ii.9 (likeness to the doer of good works); Vism 152, 284, 320.
yellow, red, white; space, intellection (or perhaps conscious-
-vaṇṇa (under) the disguise of a peasant S i.115 (of Māra).
ness) M ii.14; D iii.268, 290; Nett 89, 112; Dhs 202; Ps i.6, 95;
cp. Manual 49 — 52; Bdhd 4, 90 sq., 95 sq. — For the last two Kassati [kṛṣ] see ava°, anu° (aor. anvakāsi), pari°; otherwise
(ākāsa° and viññāṇa°) we find in later sources āloka° and (par- kasati; cp. also kissati.
icchinn') ākāsa° Vism 110; cp. Dhs trsl. 43 n. 4, 57 n. 2; Cpd.
Kassāma fut. of karoti.
54, 202. — Eight (the above omitting the last two) are given
Kahaṁ [cp. Vedic kuha; for a: u cp. kad°.] interr. adv. where?
at Ps i.49, 143, 149. — See further J i.313; iii.519; DhsA 186
whither? Vin i.217; D i.151; Sn p. 106; J ii.7; iii.76; v.440.
sq. There are 14 manners of practising the kasiṇas (of which
— k — nu kho where then? D i.92; ii.143, 263.
the first nine are: k° — ânulomaṁ; k° — paṭilomaṁ; k° —
ânupaṭilomaṁ; jhānânulomaṁ; jh°paṭi°; jh° — ânupaṭi°; jh° Kahāpaṇa [doubtful as regards etym.; the (later) Sk. kārṣāpaṇa
— ukkantikaṁ; k° ukk°; jh°k° — ukk°) Vism 374; cp. Bdhd looks like an adaptation of a dial. form] 1. A square copper
5, 101 sq., 104, 152. — Nine qualities or properties of (paṭhavi coin M ii.163; A i.250; v.83 sq.; Vin ii.294; iii. 238; DhsA 280
d
— ) kasiṇa are enum at Vism 117. — Each k. is fivefold, ac- (at this passage included under rajataṁ, silver, together with
cording to uddhaṁ, adho, tiriyaṁ, advayaṁ, appamāṇaṁ; M loha — māsaka, dārumāsaka and jatu — māsaka); S i.82; A
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ii.15, etc. — kasiṇaṁ oloketi to fix one's gaze on the particu- i.250; Vin ii.294; iv.249; J i.478, 483; ii.388; Mhvs 30 . The
lar kasiṇa chosen J v.314; °ṁ samannāharati to concentrate extant specimens in our museums weigh about 5/6 of a penny,
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