Page 266 - Pali English Dictionary.

Khandha Khandha

of sadā. — (d) sīla (etc.) kh° the 3 (or 5) groups or parts which tial" factors of existence, birth & death depend on the khand-
constitute the factors of right living (dhamma), viz. (1) sīla° has. They appear in every new conjuncture of individuality
the group dealing with the practice of morality; (2) samādhi° concerning their function in this paṭisandhi — kkhaṇe; see
that dealing with the development of concentration; (3) paññā° Ps ii.72 — 76. Thus the var. phases of life in transmigra-
that dealing with the development of true wisdom. They are tion are defined as — (jāti:) ya tesaṁ tesaṁ sattānaṁ tamhi
also known under the terms of sīla — sampadā, citta°, paññā° tamhi satta — nikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khand-
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D i.172 sq.; see sīla. — D i.206; Nett 64 sq.; 126. tīhi dham- hānaṁ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṁ paṭilābho Nd on Sn 1052; cp.
mehi samannāgato "possessed of the three qualities," viz. sīla jāti dvīhi khandhehi sangahitā ti VvA 29; khandhānaṁ pā-
— kkhandhesu, etc. It 51; cp. A i.291; v.326. tīhi khand- tubhāvo jāti S ii.3; Nett 29; khandhānaṁ nibbatti jāti Vism
hehi... aṭṭhangiko maggo sangahito M i.301; sīlakkhandhaṁ, 199. — (maraṇaṁ:) yā tesaṁ tesaṁ sattānaṁ... cuti cavanatā
etc. paripūreti "to fulfil the sīla — group" A i.125; ii.20, iii.15 bhedo antaradhānaṁ maccu maraṇaṁ kālakiriyā khandhānaṁ
sq. These 3 are completed to a set of 5 by (4) vimutti° the group bhedo kalevarassa nikkhepo M i.49=Vbh 137=S ii.3, 42. —
dealing with the attainment of emancipation and (5) vimutti — vivaṭṭa — kkhandha (adj.) one whose khandhas have revolved
ñāṇa — dassana °the group dealing with the realization of the (passed away), i. e. dead S i.121=iii.123. — kh°anaṁ udaya
achievement of emancipation. As 1 — 4 only at D iii.229 (mis- — vyaya (or udayabbaya) the rising and passing of the kh.,
print puñña for paññā); cp. A i.125. As 5 at S i.99=A i.162; S transmigration Dh 374=Th 1, 23, 379=It 120=KhA 82; Ps i.54
v.162; A iii.134, 271; v.16 (all loc.=S i.99); It 107, 108; Nd 2 sq. — (b) Their relation to attachment and craving (kāma):
under sīla. sattisūlûpamā kāmā khandhānaṁ adhikuṭṭanā S i.128=Th 2,
B. (absolute) in individual sense: constituent element, fac- 58, 141 (ThA 65: natthi tesaṁ adhik°?); craving is their cause
tor, substantiality. More especially as khandhā (pl.) the ele- & soil: hetupaṭicca sambhūtā kh. S i.134; the 4 arūpino kh.
ments or substrata of sensory existence, sensorial aggregates are based on lobha, dosa, moha Vbh 208. — (c) their annihi-
which condition the appearance of life in any form. Their char- lation: the kh. remain as long as the knowledge of their true
acter according to quality and value of life and body is evanes- character is not attained, i. e. of their cause & removal: yaṁ
cent, fraught with ills & leading to rebirth. Paraphrased by rūpaṁ, etc.... n' etaṁ mama n' eso 'haṁ asmi na m' eso attā ti;
Bdhgh. as rāsi, heap, e. g. Asl. 141; Vibh A 1 f.; cf. B. evaṁ etaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya passati; evaṁ kho
Psy. 42. 1. Unspecified. They are usually enumerated in the jānato passato... ahankāramamankāra — mānânusayā na hontī
foll. stereotyped set of 5: rūpa° (material qualities), vedanā ti S iii.103; — pañca — kkhandhe pariññāya S iii.83; pañca
(feeling), saññā (perception), sankhārā (coefficients of con- — kkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlakā Th 2, 106. See
sciousness), viññāṇa (consciousness). For further ref. see also S i.134. — (d) their relation to dhātu (the physical el-
rūpa; cp. also Mrs. Rh. D. Dhs trsl. pp. 40 — 56. They ements) and āyatana (the elements of sense — perception)
are enumerated in a different order at S i.112, viz. rūpaṁ ve- is close, since they are all dependent on sensory experience.
dayitaṁ saññaṁ viññāṇaṁ yañ ca sankhataṁ n' eso 'ham asmi. The 5 khandhas are frequently mentioned with the 18 dhā-
Detailed discussions as to their nature see e. g. S iii.101 (=Vbh tuyo & the 12 āyatanāni: khandhā ca dh° cha ca āyatanā ime
1 — 61); S iii.47; iii.86. As being comprised in each of the hetuṁ paṭicca sambhūtā hetubhangā nirujjhare S i.134; kh°
dhātus, viz. kăma° rūpa° arūpa — dhātu Vbh 404 sq. — dh° — āyatanaṁ sankhataṁ jātimūlaṁ Th 2, 472; dham-
(a) As factors of existence (cp. bhava). Their rôle as such maṁ adesesi khandh'— āyatana — dhātuyo Th 2, 43 (cp. ThA
is illustrated by the famous simile: "yathā hi angasambhārā 49). Enumerated under sabba — dhammā Ps i.101=ii.230; un-
hoti saddo ratho iti evaṁ khandhesu santesu hoti satto ti sam- der dhammā (states) Dhs 121, as lokuttara — kkhandhā, etc.
muti" "just as it is by the condition precedent of the co — ex- Dhs 358, 528, 552. — khandhānaṁ khandhaṭṭho abhiññeyyo,
istence of its various parts, that the word Ǥ chariot ʼ is used, dhātūnaṁ dhātuṭṭho, etc. Ps i.17; cp. i.132; ii.121, 157. In def.
just so it is that when the skandhas are there, we talk of a of kāmâvacarā bhūmi Ps i.83. In def. of dukkha and its recog-
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Ǥ being ʼ" (Rh. D.) (cp. Hardy, Man. Buddh. p. 425) S nition Nett 57. In def. of arahanto khīṇāsavā Nd on sankhāta
i.135=Miln 28. Their connotation "khandha" is discussed at S — dhammā ("kh. sankhātā," etc.), on tiṇṇa ("khandha — (etc.)
iii.101 =M iii.16: "kittāvatā nu kho khandhānaṁ khandhâd- pariyante thitā"), & passim. — (e) their valuation & their bear-
hivacanaṁ? rūpaṁ (etc.) atītânāgatapaccuppannaṁ ajjhat- ing on the "soul" — conception is described in the terms of na
taṁ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṁ," etc.: i.e. material qualities are mama (na tumhākaṁ), anattā, aniccaṁ and dukkhaṁ (cp. up-
equivalent terms for the kh. What causes the manifestation of ādānakkh° infra and rūpa) rūpaṁ (etc.)... aniccaṁ, dukkhaṁ,
each kh.? cattāro mahābhūtā... paccayo rūpa — khandhassa n' eso 'ham asmi, n 'eso me attā "material qualities (etc. kh. 2
paññāpanāya; phasso... vedana°, saññā°, sankhārā°, etc.; nā- — 5) are evanescent, bad, I am not this body, this body is not
marūpaṁ... viññāṇa°: the material elements are the cause my soul" Vin i.14=S iv.382. n' eso 'ham asmi na m' eso attā
of rūpa, touch is that of vedanā, saññā, sankhārā, name and S i.112; iii.103, 130 & passim; cp. kāyo na tumhākaṁ (anattā
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shape that of viññāṇa (S iii.101); cp. M i.138 sq., 234 sq. rūpaṁ) S ii.65; Nd 680; and rūpaṁ na tumhākaṁ S iii.33 M
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On the same principle rests their division in: rūpa — kāyo i.140=Nd 680. — rūpaṁ, etc. as anattā: Vin i.13; S iii.78,
rūpakkhandho nāmakāyo cattāro arūpino khandhā "the ma- 132 — 134; A i.284= ii.171; 202; cp. S iii.101; Vin i.14. — as
terial body forms the material factor (of existence), the in- aniccaṁ: S iii.41, 52, 102, 122, 132 sq., 181 sq., 195 sq., 202
dividualized body the 4 immaterial factors" Nett 41; the rū- — 224, 227; A iv.147 (aniccânupassī dukkhânupassī); anicca
pakkhandha only is kāmadhātu — pariyāpanno: Vbh 409; the dukkha roga, etc., Ps ii.238 sq.; Vbh 324. — 2. Specified as
4 arūpino kh° discussed at Ps ii.74, also at Vbh 230, 407 sq. panc' upādāna-kkhandhā the factors of the fivefold cling-
(grouped with what is apariyāpanna) — Being the "substan- ing to existence. Defined & discussed in detail (rūpûpadāna

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