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Microbiology  ` microbiology—cliNical bacteriology  Microbiology  ` microbiology—cliNical bacteriology  SEcTioN ii     149




                  Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes
                   Types A, B, and C     Chronic infection, cause blindness due to   ABC = Africa, Blindness, Chronic infection.
                                          follicular conjunctivitis in Africa.

                   Types D–K             Urethritis/PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal   D–K = everything else.
                                          pneumonia (staccato cough) with eosinophilia,  Neonatal disease can be acquired during
                                          neonatal conjunctivitis (1–2 weeks after birth).  passage through infected birth canal.
                   Types L1, L2, and L3  Lymphogranuloma venereum—small, painless
                                          ulcers on genitals Ž swollen, painful inguinal
                                          lymph nodes that ulcerate (buboes). Treat with
                                          doxycycline.



                  Zoonotic bacteria      Zoonosis—infectious disease transmitted between animals and humans.
                   sPecies               Disease                                  traNsmissioN aND soUrce
                   Anaplasma spp         Anaplasmosis                             Ixodes ticks (live on deer and mice)
                   Bartonella spp        Cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis  Cat scratch
                   Borrelia burgdorferi  Lyme disease                             Ixodes ticks (live on deer and mice)
                   Borrelia recurrentis  Relapsing fever                          Louse (recurrent due to variable surface
                                                                                    antigens)
                   Brucella spp          Brucellosis/undulant fever               Unpasteurized dairy
                   Campylobacter         Bloody diarrhea                          Feces from infected pets/animals; contaminated
                                                                                    meats/foods/hands
                   Chlamydophila psittaci  Psittacosis                            Parrots, other birds
                   Coxiella burnetii     Q fever                                  Aerosols of cattle/sheep amniotic fluid

                   Ehrlichia chaffeensis  Ehrlichiosis                            Amblyomma (Lone Star tick)
                   Francisella tularensis  Tularemia                              Ticks, rabbits, deer flies
                   Leptospira spp        Leptospirosis                            Animal urine in water; recreational water use
                   Mycobacterium leprae  Leprosy                                  Humans with lepromatous leprosy; armadillo
                                                                                    (rare)
                   Pasteurella multocida  Cellulitis, osteomyelitis               Animal bite, cats, dogs
                   Rickettsia prowazekii  Epidemic typhus                         Human to human via human body louse

                   Rickettsia rickettsii  Rocky Mountain spotted fever            Dermacentor (dog tick)
                   Rickettsia typhi      Endemic typhus                           Fleas
                   Salmonella spp        Diarrhea (which may be bloody), vomiting,   Reptiles and poultry
                    (except S typhi)      fever, abdominal cramps
                   Yersinia pestis       Plague                                   Fleas (rats and prairie dogs are reservoirs)
























          FAS1_2019_03-Microbiology.indd   149                                                                         11/14/19   12:20 PM
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