Page 132 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

116 Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants

le = 1.3
1k =arrn•ximati:ly 1.3 for CO,. 502, H20. 11:z..'i. NI 13, Np, Cl2, CH�. C2H2. and C2H�)
1.0 �-,---,-.---,--�-,---,r--..,....�-.---,--�-,---,r--...,..---y--r-.....---r--. limiting Factors
For Sonic Velocity
le = 1.3

K I��, y

1.2 .525 .612
o.ao 1--+--+--+---+--1��..P.c:-f"',,:����,e,,..i�--+--+-+-+--+--+-� 1.5 .550 .631
r 2.0 .593 .635
3 .642 .658
4 .678 .670
6 .722 .685
8 .750 .698
10 .773 .705
15 .807 .718

20 .831 .718
40 .877 .718
100 .920 .718
o.ss':"-- ........ __.-��-�""="'""-....__...,.__._,,...__....__,,..__.__..__ .......... _.,.....,._.....___.�...._....J
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0,6 0.7 0,8 0.9 1.0
f}.P
p�

le = 1.4
(k =approximately 1.4 for Air, H2. 02, N2, CO, NO, and HCI)
l,Qs:c--,--.---.--,--�---.-.,--.---,.-,---.----"T-,---,--.--...---,---r--,r---, limiting Fadors
For Sonic Velocity
le = 1.4

K I �(I y

1.2 .552 .588
1.5 .576 .606
0.80 r--+--+--+--+--�:>o.l--'"c-+�'l<-"'lc-'""d'-�..::,,....�....ic--+--1--+---+--4-�---I 2.0 .612 .622
1·
3 .662 .639
4 .697 .649
6 .737 .671
8 .762 .685
10 .784 .695
15 .818 .702

20 .839 .710
40 .883 .710
100 .926 .710
0.9 1.0

Figure 2-38A. Net expansion factor, Y, for compressible flow through pipe to a larger flow area. By permission, Crane Co., Technical Paper
#410, Engineering Div., 1957. Also see 1976 edition.