Page 133 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

Fluid Flow 117

Expansion
Factor
y
1.00�--�---,.----,----r----,----r----,,----..,.....----------...P-'".-.--.--..

Square edge orifice
!!R. -
d, -

o. 75

0.35 _. __ , __ .._ _,_ __ �.._ __ ..._ __ ........ '-----'--'--L-L...L�

I= I .45 � · • e I I I e I el e e e I I e I e I,, I I I,, e I I l' I I I,, I I I,,• I e,, I I I I
. .4 . . 1.0
I = ! . 40 � I e I I I • I e • l ' f e e I • 1 e e I e I e e , , e I e l ' e I e I • I • • l ' e • • I e • • • I
.4
•
•
1.0
,.
.
L
I
II= 1.35 0' ' ', ' , , '! I' I I I ', ' 'l' , I I I I I ' I I I I I 'I I I ' 'l' ' , 'I I I ' 1 I
1.0
.
•
.6
.
!
�
I= I . 30 • • • I C • e 1 1 • • • e I 1 1 • • I • • I t I • • • t I • , • • I • • , , I , , , e I , , · , , i
to
.4
.
.8
.6
I= 1.25 � • I I I t t ! • t • • I • • • t I e • • • I t t t I I• • 1 • I • • I • I •II • I • I • • I
.4
.8
1.0
.6
.
Pressure ratio, A P/P,'
Figure 2-386. Net expansion factor, Y, for compressible flow through nozzles and orifices. By permission, Crane Co., Technical Paper #410,
Engineering Div., 1957. Also see 1976 edition and Fluid Meters, Their Theory and Application, Part 1, 5th Ed., 1959 and R. G. Cunningham,
Paper #50-A-45, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.