Page 521 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

Applied Process Design 487

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Upper
limit flammability ----1
Limits of

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r,, AIT .22 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
TEMPERATURE- METHANE, volume-percent
Figure 7-45. Effect of temperature on limits of flammability of a com- Figure 7-46. lgnitibility curve and limits of flammability for methane-
bustible vapor in air at constant initial pressure. By permission, U.S. air mixtures at atmospheric pressure and 26°C. By permission, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 627 [43]. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 627 [43].

24
% air = 100 - % gasoline vapor - % water vapor

4

20 40 50 60 70 80 90
WATER VAPOR, volume-percent
70 100 120 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 212
CORRESPONDING AIR-SATURATION TEMPERATURE. °F.
Figure 7-47. Flammability diagram for the system gasoline vapor-water vapor-air at 70°F and at 212°F and atmospheric pressure. By permis-
sion, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 627 [43).