Page 534 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

500 Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants

j � [bar]

a.a. 15
i
e! 10

��
·x a. 5
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g
)(
[barls)
:B:
BOO
- $ 5! 600
e.-=
5�
zoo
.e �
)( Ill 200
volume of vessel V · �[ 0
0
Figure 7-55. Influence of vessel volume on violence of explosion of
flammable gases. Ignition at zero turbulence. By permission, initial pressure P. I
Bartknect, W., Explosions, 2nd Ed. (1980), Springer-Verlag [54].
Figure 7-57. Influence of initial pressure on explosion data of
propane, 7 liter vessel, E=10 J. By permission, Bartknect, W., Explo-
[bar) 541 vessel� ted:H:6xD) sions 2nd, Ed. (1980), Springer-Verlag [54].
.8 central ig,ition
1! )( E:!! 10J (tx,,J
io.g
n 100 11 spherical vessel .6
iJ
i�
,_ ii!
><Ill
0 n
[bats]
J {bairns- influence of turbuence
'u
ol 1,00
eoo
�·� 5000 l 200
I
o
"'
�� '00
'g [
0
0
'()
methane content in air
initial pressure Pi
Figure 7-58. Influence of turbulence on the explosion data of
Figure 7-56. Influence on vessel shape on the explosion data of methane at 10 joules. By permission, Bartknect, W., Explosions, 2nd
methane. By permission, Bartknect, W., Explosions, 2nd Ed. (1980), Ed. (1980), Springer-Verlag [54].
Springer-Verlag [54].

blast effects of other explosive materials [ 49]. The charge weights and can be converted to their TNT
blast wave generated by other chemical explosives gen- equivalent, et:
erally differ somewhat from the waves of TNT explo-
sions, including peak pressure and impulse, but are (7-59)
similar in other effects. The equivalent energy of TNT where WTNT = equivalent charge weight of TNT, lb
is 1120 calories/ gram, ( this value varies with some e, = equivalence factor, see Table 7-26.
data). Other types of explosives are related by their Vl'c = charge weight of explosives of interest, lb