Page 42 - 2010-2022 hose manufactureing ability and guide

When multiple plies of reinforcement are Vertical set-ups are normally a maximum of
required to meet working pressure performance two decks for convenience and handle non-
levels, typically they are applied one over the mandrel or flexible mandrel hoses up to 1-1/2"
other normally separated with a rubber layer ID. For vertical braiding, the tube is fed into the
(friction or jacket) to fill voids, prevent adjacent braider from underneath, passing through the
reinforcement abrasion, and to maintain center of the unit where the braid is applied and
adequate hose component adhesion levels. then over a rotating capstan wheel designed to
Multiple plies may be applied individually or in pull the tube through the braider at a specified
a single pass through a multiple deck unit. rate so the braid is applied at the optimum
design angle. For non-mandrel style products,
Hose reinforcements are either textile, both
synthetic polymeric and natural, or wire as an air cushion is often used inside the tube to
prevent collapse at the braid point. The vertical
briefly described in Chapter 1. Methods of
applying these reinforcements are braid, spiral, braider is the most old fashioned style with few
knit, wrap, and woven. Combinations, such as recent advancements. Output speeds are about
30% less than the latest horizontal maypole
spiral/knit, are available. Selection of
reinforcing equipment is dependent on pressure braider innovations.
rating, size, fitting requirements, flexibility, and Horizontal braider equipment advancements
crush resistance levels. have been substantial in the last 15 years.
Improvements for tensioning wire and textile, as
Braid Reinforcement
well as larger capacity packages, have provided
Braiding is probably the most common and significant improvements in hose output and
traditional method of reinforcing hose. Braiding quality, especially for wire braid products. The
machines were available in France and most common horizontal arrangements are 20,
Germany as early as the middle of the l9th 24, 36, or 48 carriers in two or three deck
century for braiding textiles used for rope and combinations for handling hose up to 4" ID in
clothing products. The introduction of the first flex or rigid mandrel constructions. Flow of the
braiders for the fledgling hose industry came in tube through the braider is similar to vertical
America about 1900. Figure 2-8 shows a typical style, except caterpillar pull units instead of
single ply braided hose. capstan wheels are more common. Figure 2-9
shows a typical modern unit.
Braiders are described as vertical or
horizontal depending on the direction the tube
progresses through the machine during braiding.
The two major classifications of braiders are
tubular or “maypole” type and rotary type.

Figure 2-8

Maypole Type
As the name implies, braid is formed from
multiple carriers each carrying a reinforcement
package traveling in a serpentine maypole
fashion generally with a two over-two under
pattern. The common carrier varieties available
are 20, 24, 36, 48, and 64. They are utilized in
vertical or horizontal, single or multiple deck
arrangements.
Figure 2-9

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