Page 44 - Concise Pathology for Exam Preparation ( PDFDrive )

1 Cell Injury and Cell Death 29

FIGURE 1.19. Dystrophic calcification (psammoma bodies) in a meningioma (2003).

Q. Differentiate between dystrophic and metastatic calcification.
Ans. Differences between dystrophic and metastatic calcification are shown in Table 1.4.

TABLE 1.8. Differences between dystrophic and metastatic calcification

Features Dystrophic calcification Metastatic calcification
Definition Deposits of calcium salts in dead and de- Deposits of calcium salts in viable tissue
generated tissue
Calcium metabolism Normal Deranged
Serum calcium level Normal Increased
Sites of deposition Necrosis, infarcts, thrombi, haematomas, Blood vessels, kidneys, lungs and gastric
dead parasites, old scars, atheromas mucosa

Q. Define cell ageing. Enumerate the biochemical and morphological
alterations that occur during ageing.
Ans. Cell ageing is defined as loss of functional capacity and progressive decline in prolif-
erative capacity, which ends in cell death.

Factors Contributing to Cell Ageing
• Genetic factors
• Diet
• Social conditions
• Atherosclerosis
• Diabetes mellitus
• Age-related diseases, eg, osteoarthritis

Indicators of Declining Cell Function Associated With Ageing
• Decreased oxidative phosphorylation
• Decreased synthesis of
• Structural and enzymatic proteins
• Cell receptors
• Decreased capacity for uptake of nutrients
• Decreased repair of chromosomal damage

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