Page 1002 - Clinical Immunology_ Principles and Practice ( PDFDrive )

CHaPter 71 Type 1 Diabetes 966.e1

MUL t IPL e -CHOIC e QU est IO ns

1. Type 1 diabetes (T1D): C. Most newly diagnosed cases have a first- or second-degree
A. Is a genetic disease in which environment plays little or relative with the disease.
no role D. Most children who develop the disease have islet auto-
B. Is classified as type 1A or type 1B, depending on evidence antibodies after 5 years of age.
for an autoimmune basis (i.e., the presence of absence 3. In T1DA:
respectively of islet autoantibodies) A. The absence of islet autoantibodies excludes the diagnosis.
C. Cannot be diagnosed on the basis of clinical features alone B. Blood glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1c ) can be used to make
D. Is associated with increased diversity of gut bacterial the diagnosis children.
microbiota
C. Immune-modulating agents have been successful in stabiliz-
2. In T1DA: ing or reversing β-cell failure for at least 2 years after the
A. The dominant genetic contribution remains to be diagnosis.
established. D. Strict blood glucose control in pregnancy prevents fetal
B. The incidence has increased along with increased penetrance complications.
of lower-risk genetic alleles.