Page 222 - Tafsir of surat at tawba repentance
P. 222

© Islamic Online University                                                  Usool at-Tafseer








                           7pt7s%u‘   ㍃̍óstGsù   (#qä9$s%   $yJÏ9   tbrߊqãètƒ   §NèO   öNÍkɲ!$|¡ÎpS   `ÏB   tbrãÎg»sàム  tûïÏ%©!$#ur )



                                                                                (  $¢™!$yJtFtƒ   br&   È@ö6s%   `ÏiB


                          “Those  who  swear  off  their  wives,  then  wish  to  go  back  on  what  they
                          said, should free a slave before they touch each other.” 108


                       There  is  obviously  no  basis  here  for  interpreting  the  mutlaq   according  to  the
                       muqayyad.  A  believer’s  life  was  taken,  hence  the  requirement  is  that  the  freed
                       slave be a believer; whereas in the case of breaking of oaths made by  thihaar or
                       otherwise, the freeing of any slave is sufficient.

                       4. Different sabab and different hukm:
                           An example of this category is in the case of the hand in wudoo’  and theft. In
                       the  verse  on  purification  previously  mentioned,  the  hand  is  made  muqayyad  by
                       the phrase, “up to the elbows,” but in the case of theft, it is left mutlaq. Consider
                       the following:



                                            (  $yJßgtƒÏ‰÷ƒr&   (#þqãèsÜø%$$sù   èps%͑$¡¡9$#ur   ä-͑$¡¡9$#ur )


                          “Cut off the hands of both the male and female thief.” 109


                       Here again, the mutlaq cannot be specified  by the muqayyad,  especially since  it
                       was reported that the Prophet (r) limited the amputation of hands to the wrist and
                       so did the Righteous Caliphs. 110


                       MANTOOQ (STATED) AND MAFHOOM (IMPLIED) MEANINGS

                           Words   and   expressions  may   convey   ideas  either  by  their  explicit
                       constructions  or  by  implication.  Meaning  derived  from  the  explicit  aspect  of

                       108
                          Soorah al-Mujaadalah (58):3.
                       109
                          Soorah al-Maa’idah (5):38.
                       110
                          See Kashf al-Asraar, vol. 2, pp. 521-7.



                                         http://www.islamiconlineuniversity.com                    45
   217   218   219   220   221   222   223   224   225   226   227