Page 22 - Drug Discovery and Development: Prospects and Challenges

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O OH
Field Code Changed
Field Code Changed
O OH
O O O OH O O OH
O O HO O OH O O OH
O HO O O
O
O O
Figure 10: Enervosanone and biscaloxanthone isolated from

C. enervosum and C. canum, respectively

Figure 10: Enervosanone and biscaloxanthone isolated from C. enervosum and C. canum,
The most popular plant from the genus Calophyllum is the rare C.
respectively
lanigerum var austrocoriaceum found in Sarawak. The C. laginerum

has gained special attraction due to its promising activity against type 1
The most popular plant from the genus Calophyllum is the rare C. lanigerum var
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1). The novel calanolide A, which
austrocoriaceum found in Sarawak. The C. laginerum has gained special attraction due to its promising
is a naturally occurring, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
activity against type 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1). The novel calanolide A, which is a
was found to be active in vitro. In addition, the coumarin moiety in
naturally occurring, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor was found to be active in vitro. In
the calanolide A structure (Figure 11) has a wide range of biological
addition, the coumarin moiety in the calanolide A structure (Figure 11) has a wide range of biological
activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-coagulant, anti-
activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-coagulant, anti-fungal, and anti-viral (Xu et al.,
fungal, and anti-viral (Xu et al., 2021). Many coumarin-based drugs
2021). Many coumarin-based drugs have been introduced in the clinical setting, such as warfarin.
have been introduced in the clinical setting, such as warfarin. Calanolide
Calanolide A is currently under clinical trial to evaluate the activity of coumarin derivatives as anti-
A is currently under clinical trial to evaluate the activity of coumarin
HIV agents to treat HIV-infected patients.
derivatives as anti-HIV agents to treat HIV-infected patients.

Figure 11: Structure of the coumarin skeleton and calanolide A
Figure 11: Structure of the coumarin skeleton and calanolide A from C. laginerum
from C. lanigerum

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