Page 53 - PELAPORAN SEMINAR i-IMATEC

Computer Interaction written by Marting G. Helander, in 1988, most of the concepts

that are being implemented came about from this book. Singapore started out early by
implementing e-Citizen while Malaysia are not even there yet. The speaker prescribed

the possibility of interaction with virtual humans, and the designs implement on
accepting these virtual assistants. Some of the examples of virtual assistants are

Emma, from the Department of Homeland Security USA, and Siri in the iPhone.

The speaker highlighted that the acceptance of these virtual assistants in a system
highly depends on understanding the culture, the people and their background. Based

on a project undertaken by the speaker from the US Air Force Grant, known as

THRUST (Trusting Humanoid Robots Undertake Social Tasks), these virtual
assistants trying to mimic a human, were equipped with natural dialogue, and dressed-

up like the people that they are communicating with, together with expressions and
hand gestures. The success or the failure of it highly depends on the interactivity with

the people when it provides the services, which is known as cognitive technology.

There are two types of robot partnership:

a. Mixed human robot partnership
b. Multi human-avatar partnership

From here, the speaker ascertained that what the future needs is learning workers

instead of knowledge workers. Learning workers are people who can interpret, learn
things and use big data, which makes data scientist an important group compared to

programmers.

Based on the Seven Pillars of Digital Government, which ensure a successful
transformation, the speaker disagrees that the user centered design should be the last

pillar. In fact, she accentuated that it should be the first pillar in the blue print as to
better understand the users. She stressed that the fundamentals of building good

applications, these interactive technologies should have:

a. Cognitive Ergonomics
b. Human Factors Engineering

c. Affective Engineering

The speaker defined cognitive ergonomics as the ability of a person to interact with
the environment, reasoning, perception to perceive and filter things out in their

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