Page 748 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

704 SeCTiON iii Rapid Review ` Key assoCiations Rapid Review ` Key assoCiations

Disease/FinDinG most Common/imPortant assoCiations PaGe
Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium Buerger disease (strongly associated with tobacco) 314
vessels in extremities
Cardiac 1° tumor (kids) Rhabdomyoma, often seen in tuberous sclerosis 316
Cardiac tumor (adults) Metastasis, myxoma (90% in left atrium; “ball valve”) 316
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension 21-hydroxylase deficiency 335
Hypopituitarism Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor) 339
Cretinism Iodine deficit/congenital hypothyroidism 341
Thyroid cancer Papillary carcinoma (childhood irradiation) 343
Hypoparathyroidism Accidental excision during thyroidectomy 344
1° hyperparathyroidism Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma 345
2° hyperparathyroidism Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease 345

Cushing syndrome ƒ Iatrogenic (from corticosteroid therapy) 348
ƒ Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
ƒ ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma (Cushing disease)
ƒ Paraneoplastic (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
1° hyperaldosteronism Adrenal hyperplasia or adenoma 349
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids) Neuroblastoma (malignant) 350
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults) Pheochromocytoma (usually benign) 350
Refractory peptic ulcers and high gastrin levels Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma of duodenum or 351,
pancreas), associated with MEN1 352
Esophageal cancer Squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide); adenocarcinoma 378
(US)
Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury Cushing ulcer ( intracranial pressure stimulates vagal 379
gastric H secretion)
+
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns Curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in 379
sloughing of gastric mucosa)
Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma Krukenberg tumor (mucin-secreting signet ring cells) 379
Chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune) Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause 379
pernicious anemia)
Gastric cancer Adenocarcinoma 379
Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal Skip lesions (Crohn disease) 382
colon
Site of diverticula Sigmoid colon 383
Diverticulum in pharynx Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow) 384
Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhotic liver (associated with hepatitis B and C, 392
alcoholism, and hemochromatosis)
Liver disease Alcoholic cirrhosis 391
1° liver cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, 392
hemochromatosis, α -antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson
1
disease)
Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver) Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to 394
secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)

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