Page 746 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

702 SeCTiON iii Rapid Review ` Key assoCiations Rapid Review ` Key assoCiations

ConDition Common treatment(s) PaGe
Hyperaldosteronism Spironolactone 609

Benign prostatic hyperplasia α -antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors 654
1
Infertility Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene 656
Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole) 656
ER ⊕ breast cancer Tamoxifen 656
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous) 656
Medical abortion Mifepristone 657

Prostate adenocarcinoma Flutamide 658
Erectile dysfunction Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil 686
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic) Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol 686

` Key assoCiations

Disease/FinDinG most Common/imPortant assoCiations PaGe
Mitochondrial inheritance Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited 59
through females only
Intellectual disability Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome 62,
63
Vitamin deficiency (USA) Folate (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 68
3- to 4-month supply; prevents neural tube defects)
Lysosomal storage disease Gaucher disease 88
Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly) S pneumoniae 180
Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids) Group B streptococcus/E coli/Listeria monocytogenes 180
(newborns), S pneumoniae/N meningitidis (kids/teens)
HLA-DR3 Diabetes mellitus type 1, SLE, Graves disease, Hashimoto 100
thyroiditis (also associated with HLA-DR5), Addison
disease
HLA-DR4 Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, Addison 100
disease
Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and H pylori 146
gastric malignancies (eg, adenocarcinoma, MALToma)
Opportunistic infection in AIDS Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia 154
Helminth infection (US) Enterobius vermicularis 159
Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe HSV-1 164
Infection 2° to blood transfusion Hepatitis C 172
Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated) S aureus, B cereus 178
Osteomyelitis S aureus (most common overall) 180
Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease Salmonella 180
Osteomyelitis with IV drug use Pseudomonas, Candida, S aureus 180

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