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1080 Part VIII: Monocytes and Macrophages Chapter 68: Production, Distribution, and Activation of Monocytes and Macrophages 1081

TABLE 68–1. Selected Markers of Different Monocyte TABLE 68–2. Selected Markers of Mononuclear
Subsets in Mouse and Human Blood Phagocytes and Related Cells
Human Human Mouse Mouse Cell Type Antigen Markers Other Properties
hi
CD14 CD14+ CCR2+ CCR2– Monocytes/ F4/80 (mouse) Opsonic phagocyto-
Antigen CD16– CD16+ CX CR1 low CX CR1 hi
3 3 macrophages EMR2 (human) sis; lysozyme secre-
CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS CD68 tion; abundant acid
CCR1 + – ND ND CR3 (CD11b) hydrolases
CCR2 + – + – Sialoadhesin
CCR4 + – ND ND (Siglec-1)
CCR5 – + ND ND Scavenger receptors
(SR-A, MARCO)
CCR7 + – ND ND Mannose receptor
CXCR1 + – ND ND M-CSF receptor
CXCR2 + – ND ND Myeloid dendritic MHC II Activation of naïve
CXCR4 + ++ ND ND cells Costimulatory CD4 T lymphocytes
CX CR1 + ++ + ++ molecules
3 CD11c
OTHER RECEPTORS
CD8α+/–
CD4 + + ND ND
DEC205
CD11a ND ND + ++ DC-SIGN
CD11b ++ ++ ++ ++ DC-LAMP
CD11c ++ +++ – + Plasmacytoid CD123 Type I interferon
CD14 +++ + ND ND dendritic cells B220 production; in vitro
growth by flt-3
CD31 +++ +++ ++ + Lectin-like receptors ligand
(Siglec-H)
CD32 +++ + ND ND
+
Osteoclasts CD68 Vacuolar H ATPase;
CD33 +++ + ND ND
TRAP proteinase K;
CD43 ND ND – + resorption of living
Calcitonin receptor bone
CD49b ND ND + – α β
CD62L ++ – + – v 3
ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase; DC, dendritic cell; DC-LAMP, den-
CD86 + ++ ND ND dritic cell lysosomal-associated membrane protein; DC-SIGN, dendritic
cell–specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3–grabbing noninte-
CD115 ++ ++ ++ ++
grin; EMR, epidermal growth factor module-containing mucin-like
CD116 ++ ++ ++ ++ hormone receptor; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor;
F4/80 ND ND + + MARCO, macrophage receptor with collagenous structure; MHC,
major histocompatibility complex; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid
Ly6C ND ND + – phosphatase.
7/4 ND ND + – note: Marker expression is variable, depending on cell localization,
maturation, and activation. Some markers are also present on other
MHC + ++ – – myeloid cells, e.g., polymorphonuclear cells, and selected endothelial
class II
cells.
MHC, major histocompatibility complex.
Adapted with permssion from Gordon S. & Taylor PR: Monocyte and CD11b/CD18 (Mac1, CR3), and CD11c, present on DCs and selected,
macrophage heterogeneity. Nat Rev Immunol 5(12):953–964, 2005. especially alveolar, macrophages. Receptor antigen markers include
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SR-A, a broadly expressed macrophage receptor additionally found on
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plasma membrane molecules, is broadly present and almost exclu- sinusoidal endothelium, whereas MARCO (macrophage receptor with
sive to macrophages (Fig. 68–5A to C). 48,49 It is related to G-protein– collagenous structure), a related collagenous SR, is more restricted in
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coupled chemokine receptors in structure, but has a large epidermal expression. Additional markers include lectins such as the macrophage
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growth factor (EGF) domain extracellular extension, thought to be mannose/fucose receptor (MR; Fig. 68–5E). CD163, a receptor for
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involved in adhesion to extracellular matrix. The human members of hemoglobin–haptoglobin complexes, is induced by glucocorticoids,
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this family are more broadly present on myeloid cells; EGF module- IL-10, and substance P. Complement receptors (CRs) and Fc recep-
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containing mucin-like hormone receptor 2 (EMR2) is a useful tissue tors (FcRs) are described in Chap. 67.
marker for human macrophages, although it is also present in neu- The resident macrophages in tissues constitute a major dispersed
trophils and immature DCs (Fig. 68–5A). Additional macrophage organ system, responsive to endogenous and exogenous stimuli; they
antigen markers useful for immunocytochemical and FACS analysis are highly active in uptake of particles and soluble ligands, providing
include Siglec1 (Fig. 68–5D), a sialic acid-binding lectin, the β integrins not only sentinels for defense at portals of entry, but also mediating the
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